Ecuador
AI Agent Legal Status: undefined · Autonomy: low
Legal Framework
Ecuador uses the US dollar as its currency, simplifying some cross-border considerations. The Organic Law on Data Protection (LOPDP) was enacted in 2021. No specific AI or digital asset legislation. The Superintendencia de Compañías regulates business entities. E-commerce law provides basic digital transaction framework.
Key Laws & Regulations
- ◆Ley Orgánica de Protección de Datos Personales (LOPDP, 2021)
- ◆Ley de Comercio Electrónico, Firmas y Mensajes de Datos
- ◆Código Orgánico de la Economía Social de los Conocimientos (COESC)
Business Formation
Sociedad por Acciones Simplificada (SAS) introduced to simplify formation. Registration through Superintendencia de Compañías. Dollarized economy reduces currency risk. Foreign entities must register locally. No AI entity recognition.
Tax Implications
Corporate income tax at 25% (with surcharges for certain sectors). VAT at 15%. No currency risk due to dollarization. Limited crypto tax guidance. Tax incentives available for technology and innovation activities in certain zones.
Opportunities
Dollarization advantage for US-aligned businesses. Growing digital adoption. Government interest in innovation policy. Geographic position as gateway to Andean markets.
Highlights
Dollarized economy eliminates currency risk. New data protection law modernizing legal framework. SAS structure recently introduced for easier business formation.
Risks & Challenges
Limited regulatory clarity on AI and digital assets. Political uncertainty. Smaller tech ecosystem. Infrastructure challenges. Economic dependence on oil revenues.