Bulgaria
AI Agent Legal Status: partial · Autonomy: low
Legal Framework
Bulgaria is subject to the EU AI Act and GDPR. The country has a growing IT sector with competitive talent costs. No specific national AI legislation beyond EU frameworks.
Key Laws & Regulations
- ◆EU AI Act
- ◆GDPR (Personal Data Protection Act)
- ◆Commerce Act
Business Formation
EOOD/OOD (Еднолично дружество с ограничена отговорност) is the standard entity with BGN 2 (approximately EUR 1) minimum capital. Very accessible formation.
Tax Implications
Flat corporate tax rate of 10%, among the lowest in the EU. Flat 10% personal income tax as well. Very competitive overall tax environment.
Opportunities
EU's lowest operational costs combined with 10% flat tax create an extremely cost-competitive base for AI development. Growing Sofia tech ecosystem with strong engineering graduates.
Highlights
10% flat corporate tax rate is very competitive. Essentially no minimum capital for company formation. Lowest operational costs in the EU.
Risks & Challenges
EU AI Act compliance required. Less developed business infrastructure and institutional framework. Corruption perceptions and rule of law challenges.